Fascicle lengths and sarcomere lengths were measured to calculate SSN. Muscles were then fixed in formalin at L O. Work loops (cyclic muscle length changes) were then performed about optimal muscle length (L O) at 1.5–3-Hz cycle frequencies and 1–7-mm length changes. Following sacrifice, the soleus was dissected, and a force-length relationship was constructed. Weight was added during downhill running via a custom-made vest, progressing from 5–15% body mass. Thirty-one Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to a training or sedentary control group. We hypothesised trained rats would produce greater net work output during work loops due to a greater SSN. Therefore, we employed 4 weeks of weighted downhill running training in rats, then assessed soleus SSN and work loop performance. Increased serial sarcomere number (SSN) has been observed in rats following downhill running training due to the emphasis on active lengthening contractions however, little is known about the influence on dynamic contractile function.
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